What are the parts of the machining center? Today, the CNC machining center will introduce you to the main structure of the machining center.
1. Casting parts. It is the basic structure of the machining center, which is composed of a bed, a column and a work table. They mainly accept the static load of the machining center and the cutting load that occurs during machining, so they must have a satisfactory rigidity. These large parts can be cast iron parts or welded steel structural parts. They are the parts with the largest volume and weight in the machining center.
2. Spindle parts. It is composed of main shaft box, main shaft motor, main shaft and main shaft bearing. The spindle's start, stop and speed change are all controlled by the numerical control system, and the cutting tool installed on the spindle participates in the cutting movement, which is the power output part of the cutting process. It is the key component of the machining center, which determines the machining accuracy and stability of the machining center.
3. CNC system. The numerical control part of the machining center is composed of CNC equipment, programmable controller PLC, servo drive equipment and operation panel.
4. Active tool change system. It is composed of tool magazine, manipulator, drive mechanism and other components. When a tool change is required, the CNC system issues an instruction, and the manipulator (or through other methods) takes the tool out of the tool magazine and loads it into the spindle hole. It deals with the tasks of active storage, selection, transportation and communication of tools between processes in the continuous processing of multiple processes after the workpiece is clamped once. The tool magazine (tool tray) is a device that stores all the tools used in the machining process. The tool magazine has disc type, chain type, etc., and the capacity ranges from several to several hundred. According to the relative position and structure of the tool magazine and the spindle, the structure of the tool arm also has many forms such as single-arm type, double-arm type, etc. Some machining centers do not use the tool arm but directly use the movement of the headstock or tool magazine to complete the tool change.
5. Auxiliary equipment. Including lubrication, cooling, chip removal, protection, hydraulics, pneumatics and inspection systems. Although these equipments do not directly participate in the cutting movement, they play a role in guaranteeing the machining power, machining accuracy and reliability of the machining center, and therefore they are also part of the machining center.
6. APC active tray communication system. In order to complete the unmanned operation of one part or to further shorten the non-processing time, some machining centers use multiple active communication workbenches to store the workpieces. One workpiece is installed on the workbench for processing together, and one or more workbenches can also When loading and unloading other parts, after finishing the processing of the parts on a workbench, actively communicate with the workbench to process new parts, which can reduce the auxiliary time and increase the processing power.